1.
Role of vitamins and minerals as immunity boosters in COVID-19.
Kumar, P, Kumar, M, Bedi, O, Gupta, M, Kumar, S, Jaiswal, G, Rahi, V, Yedke, NG, Bijalwan, A, Sharma, S, et al
Inflammopharmacology. 2021;(4):1001-1016
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19), emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. On March 11, 2020, it was declared a global pandemic. As the world grapples with COVID-19 and the paucity of clinically meaningful therapies, attention has been shifted to modalities that may aid in immune system strengthening. Taking into consideration that the COVID-19 infection strongly affects the immune system via multiple inflammatory responses, pharmaceutical companies are working to develop targeted drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19. A balanced nutritional diet may play an essential role in maintaining general wellbeing by controlling chronic infectious diseases. A balanced diet including vitamin A, B, C, D, E, and K, and some micronutrients such as zinc, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and phosphorus may be beneficial in various infectious diseases. This study aimed to discuss and present recent data regarding the role of vitamins and minerals in the treatment of COVID-19. A deficiency of these vitamins and minerals in the plasma concentration may lead to a reduction in the good performance of the immune system, which is one of the constituents that lead to a poor immune state. This is a narrative review concerning the features of the COVID-19 and data related to the usage of vitamins and minerals as preventive measures to decrease the morbidity and mortality rate in patients with COVID-19.
2.
Pathobiological and molecular connections involved in the high fructose and high fat diet induced diabetes associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Ekta, , Gupta, M, Kaur, A, Singh, TG, Bedi, O
Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]. 2020;(9):851-867
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor dietary habits such as an over consumption of high fructose and high fat diet are considered as the major culprit for the induction of diabetes associated liver injury. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects various vital organs of the body especially the kidney, brain, heart, and liver. The high fructose and high fat (HFHF) diet worsen the metabolic conditions by producing various pathogenic burdens such as oxidative stress, inflammation, etc. on liver. The hyperlipidemic and hyperglycemic conditions induced by HFHF diet leads to the generation of various proinflammatory mediators like TNFα, interleukin and cytokines. AIM AND METHODS The systematic bibliographical literature survey was done with the help of PubMed, Google scholar and MedLine to identify all pathological and molecular concerened with HFHF induced diabetic liver injury. The consumption of HFHF diet leads to an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress thereby decreases the liver protective antioxidants required for cell viability. HFHF diet disturbs lipid and lipoprotein clearance by elevating the level of apolipoprotein CIII and impairing the hydrolysis of triglyceride. As a result, there is an increase in free fatty acid concentration, triglycerides and diacylglycerol in the liver which further triggers the situation of insulin resistance. CONCLUSION The focus of present review is based upon the various pathological, genetic and molecular mechanism involved in the development of high-fat high fructose diet induced diabetic liver injury. However, the current review also documented few shreds of evidence related to various microRNAs (miR-31, miR-33a, miR-34a, miR-144, miR-146b, miR-150) concerned to HFHF diet which play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes associated liver injury Dietary life style modification may prove beneficial in the management of various metabolic disorders.
3.
Herbal Induced Hepatoprotection and Hepatotoxicity: A Critical Review.
Bedi, O, Bijjem, KRV, Kumar, P, Gauttam, V
Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology. 2016;(1):6-21
Abstract
Traditional herbal drugs are wonderful remedies for the treatment of various devastating disorders. Recently, there has been a change in a universal fashion from synthetic to herbal medicine, which is like homecoming to nature. In the present situation, the dietary changes lead to liver disorders like non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disorders. India is one of the world’s twelve leading biodiversity centers with the presence of over 45,000 diverse plant species, out of this about 15,000-20,000 plants have good medicinal and therapeutic properties of which only about 7,000-7,500 are being used by traditional practitioners. Hepatic injury accounts for 3.5%-9.5% of all adverse drug reaction reports and up to 14.7% of fatal adverse reaction. Hepatic disorders/toxicity can occur by several mechanisms like Cytochrome P450 activation, lipid peroxidation, Induction of nitric acid synthase, mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of pro-inflammatory mediators and Bile acid-induced liver cell death. There are a number of drugs or therapies available for the treatment of hepatic disorders, but still there is a need for the novel drug discovery which can target multiple disease pathways. Traditional medicines have exhaustive ancient and scientific literature for curing a lot of life threatening disorders with less or no side effects. There are number of scientifically proved hepatoprotective herbal drugs like Andrographis paniculata, Ocimum sanctum, Solanum nigrum, Silybum marianum, Phyllanthus niruri etc. which are widely used for the treatment of liver disorders. However, there are various herbal plants and phytoconstituents, which are found to be hepatotoxic like Lanata camra Linn, Symphytum officinale, Azadirachta indica, Amantia phalloides etc. This review emphasizes on both sides of the coin like crucial aspects of phytoconstituents with reference to their hepatoprotective as well as hepatotoxic effects linked to use of herbal preparations.